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THE IRON WORKER 


KING SOLOMON. 





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THE IRON WORKER 


KING SOLOMON. 


BY 


JOSEPH HARRISON, Jr. 


WITH A MEMOIR AND AN APPENDIX. 


“ Behold, I have created the smith, that bloweth the coals in the fire, and that 


bringeth forth an instrument for his work.”—Isatan, liv. 16. 


SECOND EDITION, REVISED. 





PRINTED FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION. 


PHILADEERP HLA: 
Pee PLN Orr To & CO, 
i869. 







Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the yea 
JOSEPH HARRISON, JR, 


In the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the United States 
District of Pennsylvania. 








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“MY TRUEST FRIEND, 


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TO MY DEAR CHILDREN AND GRANDCHILDREN, 


I wave written the verses in this little volume, entitled 
the “Iron WorkeER AnD Kine Sotomon,” for your amuse- 
ment and instruction, and to impress upon your minds 
the value of what is but too frequently thought to be 
very humble labor. The narrative fairly illustrates the 
Photograph, taken from a picture which, as you know, 
“I value very much, and which you all admire, called 
the ‘‘Iron WorKgER,” painted for me four or five years 
ago by Christian Schuessele. The story from which the 
picture is painted will be found at page 41 of the Ap- 
pendix, in which will also be found another version of 
the story of “The Blacksmith and King Solomon,”’’ fur- 
nished to me by my friend, Mr. Charles G. Leland, who 
wrote the verses at the close of the book. Iam indebted 
to Mrs. Sarah J. Hale for a corrected copy of her beauti- 
ful poem called ‘“‘IRon,” printed in the Appendix. This 
poem was entirely unknown to me until within a few 
days. 

It has been said by some one that the story of the 
humblest life, if faithfully written, would prove both 


(vil ) 


ae INTRODUCTORY. 


interesting and instructive. As mine has had some 
unusual phases, I think it will not look like vanity or 
egotism on my part, if I reproduce the Memoir here. 
It must always be interesting to all who are so near 
to me as yourselves. 


Yours ever affectionately, 


JosEPH [IARRISON, JR. 


Rittenhouse Square, Philadelphia, Christmas, 1867. 


CONTENTS. 





Mememivon. Worker atid King Solomon ..........s.seccseseccnsessses 11 
‘UG ee eee sede pe eas cek es vs cia eaateosevates a1 
Meme rociaxion, by jJoseph Harrison, Jr.........-.secsssssesscees 39 
ace ase ce cscs es sccwices eases ses eccessees 41 


Remarks of Joseph Harrison, Jr., on the Mechanic Arts, at a 


public dinner given to Henry C. Carey, April 27th, 1859... 43 


Ree eeme cei, Oy cate | Hale, .....c..cccssccsessscacesesseasen 49 
The Blacksmith and King Solomon, a Rabbinical Legend...... 55 
fee acksmith, a Poem, by Charles G. Leland................. 59 














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Joseph Harrison, Jr., Philadelphia. 








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fen TRON WORKER 


AND 


KING SOLOMON. 
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I. 


Adown the street the Blacksmith strode, 
As to his home he went; 
His brawny chest heaved to and fro, 


His brow with rage was bent. 


LE 


His threshold reached, he entered in, 
His wife and child came near, 
But heedless of their greetings kind, 
He muttered, “Tll be there!” 


18 ae 


He sat him down in sullen mood, 
Still clouded was his brow; 

Ilis wife with anxious look breathed out— 
“There's some great harm, I trow! 


(Il) 


12 THE IRON WORKE 


IV. 
“Husband! what wouldst thou? art thou wronged, 
That thus with glower and gloom, 
From out thy firm-set clenchéd teeth, 


Thy thoughts in anger come? 


Va- 


“Tell me I pray thee. Calm my fears, 
As I thy meal prepare; 

Speak! break my deep solicitude.” 
He muttered, “Tll be there!” 


ver 


‘‘Where wouldst thou be, my husband, say? 
What is *t that moves thee so? 

Is ’t aught that I can aid thee in? 
What wouldst thou have me do? 


VIi. 


“Thou answerest not, art moody yet; 
Untouched the meal I’ve laid; 
And knotted is thy forehead still; 


In sooth I’m sore afraid 





AND KING SOLOMON. 


Vil. 


“That some untoward dire mischance 
Hath caused thee great dismay. 
Oh, speak, my husband, tell me all, 


And drive my fears away!” 


rx 


Sadly his eyes were lifted up, 
Sadly his speech began, 

And all attent, his good-wife heard. 
As thus his story ran: 


X. 


“Dost thou not know that our Great King 
To-morrow opens wide, 
The portals of the Temple rare, 
His glory and his pride? 


>a E 


“The Great JEHOVAH willed it all, 
And naught remains, I ween, 
Save its solemn consecration, 


Which comes at morning’s sheen. 


13 


14 


THE TRON WORRKESE 


XIT. 


“Hast thou not heard who, at this rite, 
Are honored by the King; 
Summoned in full insignia, 


To the sacred opening 


XIII. 


“Of the noblest Sanctuary 
Her made by human hands, 
As now in finished excellence, 
Before the world it stands? 


RIV. 
“The Architect, the Carpenter, 
All cunning in their art, 
Surveyor, Mason, Draughtsman, too, 


Are each to take a part. 


Ae 
“And though we hail the wisest King 
That eyes have ever seen, 
The wit of world-wise Solomon 


Is now at fault, I ween,— 





AND KING SOLOMON 15 


XVI. 


“At fault in having slighted me, 
"Mongst those who did their best 

To rear this peerless wonder-work, 
To fill the King’s behest. 


XV.LT. 


“Twas I, the now neglected Smitu, 
In grimy suit bedight, 

Who fashioned curious INSTRUMENTS, 
To build this Fane aright,— 


ve T: 
“Without which, those who now are placed 
Above me,—and apart, 
All helpless would have found themselves, 


Mere children in their art. 


AIX 


“From first to last, at morn and night, 
Beside them I’ve been seen, 
And lacking me, and what I’ve made, 


This Temple ne’er had been. 


16 


THH [RON WORKER 


DOT, 
“They say that I ne’er carved in Stone, 
Gold,—Silver,—Bronze, ne’er wrought, 


Nor made rare things in Cedar wood, 


From Mount Libanus brought. 


XXI. 


“That all I’ve done, is humble work, 
Mere labor of the hand, 
Nor Mind nor Science needed. It 


No honor can demand. 


XXII. 


“And that I am unworthy deemed 
To aid in what’s to be. 
In all things I too humble seem, 


For this great pageantry. 


OED 


“I tell thee, Art-proud Architect, 
I tell thee, Carpenter, 

I tell ye all, ye craft-proud men, 
Unbidden, I'll be there!” 





AND KRING “SOn0 MON. 


SOCLY 


The morrow’s sun came glinting o’er 
Tower, obelisk, and plain, 
Came with the sun vast multitudes 


To view the hallowed Fane. 


XXV. 


And Salem’s streets were full that morn, 


To see the fair array, 
As onward to the Temple gates 


It bent its glittermg way. 


XX VI. 


The doors were opened, entered then 


The King, with heralds bright, 


Ti 


With guards, with all that showed his power, 


In gaudiest hues bedight. 


XXVITI. 


Came Priests in Holy vestments clad, 
With Sacred Ark up-borne, 
While fragrant incense curled around, 


In the pure breeze of morn. 
3 


18 


THE TRON WORKER 


XXVIII. 


Came Beauty, singing as she went, 
To harps that filled the air 
With sweetest music,—and more loud, - 


The trumpets’ distant blare. 


XXIX. 


In sooth ’twas glorious to behold, 
Such pageant ne’er had been, 
And since that hour, in all the world 


Its like has not been seen. 


XXX. 


Through lofty halls, in splendor decked 
With cedar and with gold, 
O’er polished floors, down marble aisles, 


Their onward way they hold. 


XX XI. 


The dais is reached, where now the King 
His regal seat would take, 
From whence, in well-appointed phrase, 


~ His royal speech would make. 


AND KING SOLOMON. 19 





XXXIT. 
The curtain. raised, strange sight is seen, 
For next the chiefest seat, 


Sits, in defiant attitude, 


A figure all unmeet. 


2. DD. 4 4 OF 
His head is bare, his brow is grimed, 
Bare are his arms and chest; 


A leathern garment hides his limbs, 


His hand on hammer rests. 





| SCKLV: 


“Whence came this hind?” “What doth he there?” 
Was passed from man to man; 
With threatening looks, with flashing steel, 


The guards full at him ran. 


XXXYV. 


“Tear down the caitiff!” ‘Rend him sore! 
Sure he no mercy needs!” 
Still there he sits, in conscious pride, 


Nor sword nor clamor heeds. 


20 THE LEON Werke 


XXXVI. 


“Hold!” cries the King; “nor do him ill, 
Mayhap he can explain 
Why thus he comes unbidden here 


Amidst our glittering train. 


XXXVI. 


“Speak freely, man, heed not my power, — 
Full justice thou shalt share, 
_If thou canst show in very truth 


Why thou art sitting there.” 


XXXVITI. 


““All hail! Great King, forever live!” 
Thus spake the intruding guest; 
“Hear me, O hear thy servant’s words, 


Then urge thy high behest. 


AAI. 


“T do not sit unbidden here, 
I came but at thy call; 
Though not amongst the honored ones, 


Tm not the least of all. 





MND ICING SOLOMON, 21 


dG 5 


“Didst not, O King, ask here to-day, 
All those who most have done 
This marvelous work that round us glows, 


In this bright morning’s sun? 


XL. 


“Hast thou not asked the Architect, 
Surveyor, Mason, those | 
Under whose skillful, cunning arts 


This wondrous Temple rose? 


X LIT. 


“The world doth hail thee wisest King 
That eyes have ever seen, 

Yet the wit of mighty Solomon 
May be at fault, I ween. 


XLII. 


“For thou hast overlooked the Smit, 
Whose ever-needed skill, 

In modest labor aided most 
Thy royal wish to fill. 


THH TEON WORKER 


XLV. 


“Ask these who stand round thee to-day, 
Above me, placed apart, 
If they all helpless had not been 


But for my curious art. 


XLV. 


“To thee I turn, proud Architect; 
Canst thou my words gainsay ? 
I speak to all ye craft-proud men, 


Come, answer as ye may. 


XLVI. 


a 


“Ye know that I, from first to. last, 
Your surest aid have been; 
Lacking my Iron Instruments, 


This Temple none had seen. 


XLVI. 


“T wait reply.”-—With eagle glance, 
The Blacksmith looked around, 
His rivals in the King’s regard, 


Their eyes fixed on the ground, 











AND KING SOLOMON. 


XLVIII. 


Nor uttered word. “What! no response ? 
Great King, O live for e’er! 

Have I not shown in very truth 
Why I am sitting here ?” 


XLIX. 


King Solomon a lesson read, 
And forja moment mused, 
Spake to the Smith in kindly word, 


“Thou hast been much abused. 


L. 


“Stay where thou art a moment; let 
All those who thee contemn, 

Receive with me thy just rebuke: 
Thoua art the best of them. 


LI. 


“Then haste to get thee clean attire, 
Then haste to make thee neat ; 
For at the royal feast to-day, 
Thowlt fill the right-hand seat.” 


24 TE i OLR ON PaO hae 


ih 


The Smith a brief space sat erect, 
Then o’er his shoulder threw 

His faithful hammer. Justified, 
He quietly withdrew. 


LIfl. 


The people shout; King Solomon 
His royal speech did end; 
The Temple’s consecration oer, 


The throng all homeward wend. 


LIV. 


Adown the street the Blacksmith goes, 
How changed from yesterday ! 
No more in sullen mood doth he 


Pursue his onward way. 


IVs 


His threshold reached, he enters 1n, 
Not now with brow of care, 
But with exulting voice exclaims, 


‘““T told thee I’d be there!” 











AND KING SOLOMON. 


LVL. 


‘His wife in mute amazement clings 
Close to his side the while; 
His little boy looks up in fear, 


And meets his father’s smile. 


LVII. 


“Greet me, ye loved ones, greet me well, 
Join me in glad acclaim, 
The Blacksmith now has justice won! 


He'll ne’er be scorned again ! 


TVET. 


“Get me, good wife, my best attire, 
Help me to make me neat; 
I DINE with our great King to-day, 


I fill the honored seat.” 


LIX. 


Then spake the wife: “I feared this morn 


That thy determined will, 
Might lead thee to assert thy right, 
And bring thee grievous ill. 


4 


25 


THE IRON WORKAHER 


LX. 


“TI, to the Temple trembling went, 
And saw thee sitting proud; 

I saw the naked steel gleam out, 
I heard the tumult loud. 


- EXE 


‘But ere our Monarch interposed, 
To stay the impending blow, 
I, to the earth in terror fell, 


And nothing more did know 


LXIT. 


“Till at our humble roof once more, 
I waked to conscious thought, 
And met the smiles of kindly friends, 

Who homeward me had brought. 


LXIII. 


“ But thou art saved, art honored, too; 
Let all our thanks ascend 
To Him, who stands our sure firm rock, 


Our ever-constant friend!” 





! 
. 
| 


AND KING SOLOMON. 27 


LXIV. 


| The wisdom of King Solomon, 


Is still our highest praise ; 
The Blacksmith has his full reward, 


As in the ancient days. 


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MEMOIR. 


[Reprinted from Bishop’s History of American Manufactures, 1866.] 


JosEPH Harrison, JR., whose successful enterprise at 
home and abroad has made his name a familiar one to 
the manufacturers of two continents, was born in the 
district of the Northern Liberties, now a part of the 
Consolidated City of Philadelphia, on September 20th, 
1810;* and at the age of fifteen was indentured an 
apprentice to the art of machine-making—a trade that 
he had himself selected. A foreman at twenty in the 
shop in which he had served his time, he commenced 
life at twenty-one with a fair knowledge of his craft, 
correct industrious habits, but with little chance, appar- 
ently, or expectation of special preferment, except in 
the usual routine of his calling. 

Employed in several prominent machine shops of that 
day, and as foreman for Messrs. Garrett and Eastwick, he 
in 1837 became associated in partnership with these gen- 
tlemen in the manufacture of locomotive engines. This 
firm, soon changed to Hastwick and Harrison, were the 
originators of several important improvements, that have 


* The house in which the subject of this memoir was born, stood, up 
to 1831, on Noble street near the N. W. corner of Front street. It 
was built anterior to 1752. 


(31) 


tie MEMOTR. 


contributed to the present perfection of the American 
locomotive. In their hands the eight-wheel engine, with 
four driving and four truck wheels, was first brought 
into a practicable shape. It is now almost exclusively 
used in this country for passenger trains, and is obtain- 
ing a sure and steady reputation in Europe. The 
present modes of equalizing the weight on the driving 
wheels, indispensable to this engine, were patented by 
Joseph Harrison, Jr., the subject of this notiee, in 1839, 
and are now applied by all the manufacturers of loco- 
motive engines in this country. Lae 

In 1841 a locomotive called the “Gowan and Marz,” 
weighing but little over eleven tons, was designed and 
built by this firm for the Philadelphia and Reading 
Railroad. 

The performance of this engine in drawing one hun- 
dred and one loaded coal-cars over that road, attracted 
great attention at the time, as being without a parallel 
in the history of railroad transportation. Locomotives, 
designed and built by Eastwick and Harrison for the 
Beaver Meadow, Hazleton and Sugar Loaf Railroads, 
burned anthracite coal successfully as early as 1835 and 
1836, and in a regular freight business over these roads, 
surmounted higher gradés than had ever been practically 
overcome in this country or in Europe. 

In 1840, Colonel Melnikoff and Colonel Kraft, two 
eminent engineers, were sent to this country by the Rus- 
sian Government to examine and report upon the Amer- 
ican Railway System, with a view to its adoption in that 


Empire. The reputation already acquired by the firm 





MEMOIR. 39 


of Eastwick and Harrison attracted their attention, and 
induced these gentlemen on their return to Russia to 
propose that Mr. Harrison should be sent for to under- 
take the construction of the locomotives and rolling 
stock for the St. Petersburg and Moscow Railway, a road 
more than four hundred miles long, then about being 
commenced under the direction of an eminent Ameri- 
can, Major George W. Whistler, who had been called to 
Russia in 1842 as Consulting Engineer of the Railway 
Department of the Russian Government. 

In the spring of 1843 Mr. Harrison embarked for 
Kurope, and in December of that year, he, in associa- 
tion with his partner in Philadelphia, Mr. Eastwick, and 
Mr. Thomas Winans, of Baltimore, concluded a contract 
with the Russian Government, amounting to three mil- 
lions of dollars, the work to be completed in five years. 
It was a condition that this work was all to be done at 
St. Petersburg, by Russian workmen, or such as could be 
found on the spot. 

With workmen entirely unacquainted with the work 
to be done, and without knowing the language or the 
peculiar manner of doing business in a foreign land, 
Messrs. Harrison, Winans and Eastwick, the new firm 
established at St. Petersburg, set about the aifficult, and 
to almost every one but themselves, the impossible task 
of complying with the terms of their contract. 

Commencing their business in the straightforward 
manner they had pursued at home, they asked only not 
to be hindered, and so well were their plans arranged 
and carried out, that all the work contracted for was 

5 


34 MEMOTR. 


completed to the entire satisfaction of the Russian Gov- 
ernment, and paid for, more than one year. before the 
terms of the contract had expired. 

During the progress of this work, other orders, reach- 
ing to nearly two millions of dollars, were added to the 
original amount, including the completion of the great | 
Cast Iron Bridge over the River Neva, at St. Peters- 
burg, the largest and most costly structure of the kind 
in the world. To complete this structure, another year 
was added to the original term of the first contract. 

Before the close of the first term, a second contract 
was made for a further period of twelve years, for main- 
taining in running order, the rolling stock of the St. 
Petersburg and Moscow Railway. The parties to this 
contract being Joseph Harrison, Jr., Thomas Winans, 
and William L. Winans. This second contract was car- 
ried on, and finished to the satisfaction of both parties in 
1862. During the year just mentioned, a contract was 
made with a French company for maintaining the rolling 
stock of the St. Petersburg and Moscow Railway. 

This company commenced their work with the ma- 
chinery in such perfect order, as was not perhaps to Le 
found on any railway of similar length in the world. 
From this perfection, with all the workshops, tools, and 
other arrangements ready to their hands, which their pre- 
decessors had been twelve years in bringing to completc- 
ness, the rolling stock was so much run down in three 
years, as to compel an abrupt termination of the French 
company’s contract by the government. A new contract 
was made in 1865 with Mr. Thomas Winans and Mr. 





MEMOTR. 35 


William L. Winans, who were then in gas for another 
term of eight years. 

It will thus be seen that enerican reputation in rail- 
way mechanical engineering, first begun in Philadelphia, 
by Mr. Harrison and his partner, in their intercourse 
with Colonel Melnikoff and Colonel Kraft, in 1840, has 
since maintained itself in Russia against all comers, and 
has now no competitor. | 

In 1847, the Emperor Nicholas, accompanied by his 
second son the Grand Duke Constantine, Prince Paske- 
witch, Viceroy of Poland, with all the high officers 
of the Russian Government, visited the Alexandrofisky 
Head Mechanical Works of the St. Petersburg and Mos- 
cow Railway, where the work for the road was being 
done. 

After spending many hours in a minute examination 
of the establishment in every part, the Emperor offering 
his hand at parting to the American contractors, and 
thanking them, expressed the greatest satisfaction at 
what had been shown and explained to him. As an 
additional mark of his approval, his Majesty sent to each 
of our countrymen engaged in the firm, most beautiful 
rings, set with diamonds, of a present value of not less 
than three thousand dollars each. 

On the occasion of the opening of the Neva Bridge, in 
the autumn of 1850, then just completed, the Emperor 
Nicholas, as a further mark of esteem, bestowed upon 
Mr. Harrison the ribbon of the Order of St. Anne, with 
a massive gold medal attached thereto. On the superior 
side of the medal is a portrait of his Majesty, the re- 


36 MEMOTR. 


verse side having the motto, in the Russian language, 
‘“‘Hor ZEAL.” 

In 1852 Mr. Harrison returned to Philadelphia, and 
set about employing the means that had rewarded his 
enterprise abroad, for the adornment of his native city. 
He erected numerous and costly buildings, some with 
original features, not heretofore seen in this country; and 
established the most extensive, and probably the first 
private gallery of Art in Philadelphia. 

Though twelve years of the last twenty of his life have 
been spent abroad, it is evident that he has not lost 
affection for the place of his birth, or forgotten the duties 
of a public-spirited citizen. 

Early in his engineering life, Mr. Harrison’s attention 
was directed to the means of improving steam genera- 
tion, more particularly with a view of making this pow- 
erful agent less dangerous, and less liable to explosion. 
The result of his efforts in this direction is now before 
the public in his most original “ Harrison Steam Boiler,”’ 
now largely coming into use. The first boiler made on 
this improved principle was put in operation at Messrs. 
William Sellers & Co.’s works in 1859, and supplied 
steam for their entire establishment for several months 
in the summer of that year. 

Mr. Harrison’s first patent for the Harrison Boiler is 
dated October 4th, 1859, though improvements on the 
original idea have since been the subject of several 
patents in this country and in Europe. 

At the International Exhibition, held in London in 


MEMOTR. 37 


1862, the highest class medal was awarded to this boiler, 
“for originality of design and general merit.” 

Mr. Harrison is now pursuing, with the zeal and per- 
severance of his earlier life, the highly important object 
of making steam generation safe from its present de- 
structiveness to life and property. He is aiming at a 
complete revolution in the form and material of the 
present system. Success will place him among the 
benefactors of our race. 








fog ORUCIFIXION. 


Written in a Lady’s Album in 1834, 


BY JOSEPH HARRISON, JR. 


WHAT means von sad procession onward wending, 
With measured tread, up Calvary’s Mountain side? 
What mean those vast assembled hosts attending? 


Thousands on thousands swell the living tide. 





Amidst moves one whose face with love is beaming; 
Bowed to the earth, a heavy cross he bears. 
| See! o’er his brow the sanguine flood is streaming: 


Pierced are his temples with the crown he wears. 


Tis our loved Saviour they are upward leading ; 
To death they bear him on, with ruthless hands; 
Fainting and worn, his heart for sinners bleeding, 


Now on the summit, meek and low he stands. 


To the dread cross his hands and feet they’re nailing ; 
Unmurmuring, unresisting, see he yields; 

All are relentless, none his fate bewailing, 
Save the sad group that in the distance kneels. 


(39) 


THE CRUGA ICT OR: 


The cross is raised, is fixed; and now, toward Heaven, 
The Saviour’s voice is heard, plaintive and low: 
“Father, O Father! be thy pardon given! 
Forgive! forgive! they know not what they do.” 


Again he speaks; hear his deep accents breathing: 
‘Tis finished; all on earth is done,” he cries. 
He bows his head; his spirit now is leaving 


Its earthly tenement. He dies! he dies! 


All nature mourns; the sun, his rays withholding, 
Spreads gloom around; the Temple’s vail is rent; 
The dead arise, their ceréments unfolding. 


Stricken with fear, the throng in terror went. 


Man, cruel man, how couldst thou, in thy blindness, 
Thus vainly strive to thwart thy coming good? 
How couldst thou thus repay his every kindness, 


And deeply dye thy hands in precious blood? 


Oh! why was this tremendous deed permitted ? 
Why was thy hand, O God, uplifted still? 
’Twas this: by it were all our sins remitted; 


’Twas done, obedient to Jehovah’s will. 


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DIX. 


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REMARKS OF JOSEPH HARRISON, JR., 


At the Public Dinner given to Henry C. Carey, Esq., at 
the La Pierre House, Philadelphia, April 27th, 1859. 


“Der Gott der Eisen wachsen liess, 
Der wollte keine Knechte, 
Drum gab er Siibel, Schwerdt und Spiess, 
Dem Mann in seine Rechte.” 
A. METHFESSEL. 


“The Lord, who made hard iron grow, 
Ne’er wished to see a slave; 
And, therefore, spear and faulchion true 
To man’s right hand he gave.” 

In attempting to say a few words on the Mechanic Arts, 
I am sure you will find the task in unworthy, if not in very 
prejudiced hands. 

Webster defines ‘‘ Mechanic” to be ‘a person whose occu- 
pation is to construct machines, or goods, wares, furniture, 
and the like.” And the ‘mechanic arts,” he says, ‘are those 
in which the hands are more concerned than the mind, as in 
making clothes and utensils.” Perhaps no single word in our 
language embraces a wider field than the one first named, 
while the latter definition hardly does justice to the term 
“Mechanic Arts.” I think I am right in inferring that the 
venerable lexicographer was not a mechanic. 


The Great Jehovah himself was the first, the Great 


Mechanic; and when our first parent was compelled to earn 


(45 ) 


44 APPENDIX. 


his bread in the ‘sweat of his face,” as stern a necessity 
compelled him to turn mechanic, and he thereby became the 
first human promoter of the mechanic arts. Adam could not 
till the ground with his bare hands, and we can imagine 
him pointing a stick against the roughened surface of a 
stone, and thus, by mechanical means, making the first rude 
instrument to aid him in his new vocation. 

The first altars reared for sacrifice required some mechani- 
eal skill to give them form and_ stability ; and are we not 
told of Tubal Cain, “that he was an instructor of every 
artificer in brass and iron”? Noah was an eminent mechanic, 
and promoter of the mechanic arts, as were also those who 
planned and built the Tabernacle with its ~holy contents. 
World-wise Solomon swells the list, with Hiram of Tyre, 
and all those who so cunningly worked in iron and in brass, | 
in gold and in silver, and in cedar wood, on the holiest and 
grandest of temples. 

Thus, from the fall of man to the present hour, the 
“Mechanic” and the “ Mechanic Arts” have been minister- 
ing to our comfort, our conveniences, and to our intelligence 
in every walk of life, and will thus go on ministering to the 
end. 

That glorious metal, Iron, must ever be the great agent 
for promoting the mechanic arts. Iron is the true precious 
metal—a metal so interwoven with the wants of life, and our 
very enjoyments, that to do without it would be to relapse 
into barbarism. Take away gold and silver, and the whole 


range of baser metals, leaving us iron, and we would hardly 





APPENDIX. 45 


miss them. Take away IRon, and we lose next to life, and 
that which sustains life, the greatest boon the Almighty has 
- bestowed upon man. 

I need not take up the time of this company by referring 
to the uses of iron, or how much our necessities, our com- 
forts, and our enjoyments are dependent upon its uses, 
whether in out-door labor, in the home circle, the manufac- 
tory, the hall of science, or the field of art, but I will say a 
word touching the importance of the worker in iron. 

I remember reading a story in my early boyhood, that 
impressed itself so strongly upon my mind that I have never 
forgotten it. I wish I could find it now. I do not remem- 
ber the exact words, but the matter ran somewhat in this 
wise : 

When King Solomon had finished the Temple, and having 
set apart a day for its consecration, he invited to the cere- 
mony all the great men of the kingdom, logether with the 
Architect, the Surveyor, the Chief Carpenter, the Chief Mason, 
and others who had been engaged in planning and directing 
the work. 

The vast edifice rested with closed doors awaiting the 
arrival of the King. He came at length, the doors were 
opened, and to the sound of tabret, harp, psaltery, and 
trumpet, the solemn and imposing procession entered the 
house then to be dedicated to the worship of the living God. 

As the King moved toward the seat prepared for him, 
to the amazement of all, a stalwart Smith was seen sitting 


on the right-hand seat nearest the throne. 


46 ; ALP EAE ANCA 


Hammer in hand, bare-armed and head erect, with reeking 
sweat upon his brow, showing him fresh from the forge, he 
sate, nothing daunted by the near approach of Majesty. <A 
movement was made to remove the bold intruder. Hold! 
cried the King, and thus he spake to the Smith: Friend, 
why art thou here filling a place intended for one better 
than thou? Mighty King! O! live forever, replied the 
Smith; I own no superior here, save your Royal Majesty, 
and I fill this place, as by right vt is mine, and as I will 
presently show if thou wilt graciously permit me,” Your 
Majesty hath invited here to-day the Chief Architect, the 
Surveyor, the Chief Mason, and many others who have 
labored herein; but thou hast overlooked the so-thought 
humble Smith, to whom all these who have been honored 
with a place at this ceremony are indebted. 

Without the Instruments that I had prepared for them, 
could the Chief Architect make his plans, the Surveyor his 
lines? Could the Mason earve his stone, or the Carpenter 
fashion his wood? . 

The very first stroke in the construction of this great 
edifice was made by the Smith, and from the beginning unto 
the end, he has been by the side of those who have built this. 
work, aiding them with his art,in making Instruments with- 
out which this Temple could not have been reared. 

Solomon mused for a moment, and then vias “ Friend, 
thou speakest but too truly. Much is indeed due to thee, 
and thou shouldst not have been neglected. Stay where 


thou art, and let those who would have spurned ‘thee from 








APPENDIX. AT 


thy place feel with me the just rebuke thou hast bestowed 
upon us.” 

It is even now as in the days of King Solomon: the 
Worker in Iron—whether in producing it from the ore, as 
handicraftsman, or one who plans and devises new and 


useful ways of applying iron for man’s comfort and benefit — 


is, and must ever be, the true promoter of the Mechanic 


Arts, the benefactor of our race. Before sitting down, I 
would say a word regarding a branch of the Mechanic 
Arts which is not sufficiently known and appreciated, except 
by the few who come in immediate contact with it. Thirty- 
five years ago (I speak from my own personal knowledge), 
hammer, chisel, and file, hand-lathe, drill-brace, and screw- 
stock were almost the only instruments used in working iron, 
after it came from the foundry and forge. Now, machines 
are made to fashion iron into almost every form by other 
than man’s power and skill—manual and even mental toil 
being in a great degree superseded by these machines. 

Each workman now does fully the work of five, as com- 
pared with thirty-five years ago, and with such accuracy as 
never was attained by the hand worker. 

To be proficient in the use of these machines does not re- 
quire the old-fashioned seven years’ apprenticeship, as intelli- 
gent men, whether brought up to mechanical trades or not, 
soon acquire proficiency in their use. 

Without these improvements, in working and fashioning 
iron, the vast demand which has sprung up within the last 


thirty years in every shape and form, from the mammoth 


48 AAP PION DIX: 


steamship to the tiny sewing machine, could not have been 
supplied. Skilled workmen in the branches of steam ma- 
chinery alone, could not have been raised up fast enough to 
do one-quarter of what has been done in the development 
of the railroad, steam navigation, and the thousand other ob- 
jects in which steam is now used. All these great results 
have been secured almost entirely by the use of that most 
noble metal, iron. 

Our city has long been celebrated by its superior products 
in iron—in our locomotive, marine, and stationary engines, 
in railway wheels, architectural castings, and the like; but 
it is not so well known that we have in our midst the 
very best establishments in the country for making engineers’ 
tools, or rather machines for working iron. I say the best in 
this country. I do not fear to say that the tools made here 
are equal to the very best made in any country. In no place 
have greater improvements been made than here, in this im- 
portant branch of the mechanic arts. 

As a proof of this, our workshops are sending their work 
throughout the length of this great land, and are even at 
this moment executing large orders for countries far beyond 
the sea. I thank you, Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, for your 
attention, and will not trespass further upon your time. Iron 
has been mainly my theme, than which, connected with the 
mechanic arts, I know no nobler one. Heaven forbid that I 


should ever bow down to an idol. When I do so, it shall be 


made of IRON. 


IRON. 


BY MRS. HALE. 
“Truth shall spring out of the Harth.”—Ps. Ixxxy. 11. 


—eoo——_ 


As in lonely thought I pondered 


On the marv’lous things of earth, 





And, in fancy’s dreaming, wondered 
At their beauty, power, and worth, 
Came, like words of prayer, the feeling— 
Oh! that God would make me know, 
Through the Spirit’s clear revealing— 
What, of all oe work below, 
Is to man a boon the greatest, 
Brightening on from age to age, 
Serving truest, earliest, latest, 


Through the world’s long pilgrimage. 


Soon vast mountains rose before me, 
Shaggy, desolate, and lone, 

Their scarred heads were threatening o’er me, 
Their dark shadows round me thrown: 


i (49) 


50 


APPENDIX, 


Then a Voice from out the mountains, 
As an earthquake shook the ground, 

And like frightened fawns the fountains, 
Leaping, fled before the sound; 

And the Anak oaks bowed lowly, 
Quivering, aspen-like, with fear,— 

While the deep response came slowly, 


Or it must have crushed mine ear— 


“Trond Iron! Iron!”—crashing 
Like the battle-axe and shield; 
Or the sword on helmet clashing 
Through a bloody battle-field! 
“Tron! Iron! Iron !”—rolling 
Like the far-off cannon’s boom; 
Or the death-knell slowly tolling 
Through a dungeon’s charnel gloom ! 
“Tron! Iron! Iron !”—swinging 
As the summer breezes play; 
Or as bells of Time were ringing 


In the blest Millennial Day! 


Then the clouds of ancient fable 
Cleared away before mine eyes; 

Faith could find a footing stable 
O’er the gulf of mysteries! 

Words the prophet bards had uttered, 


Signs the oracles foretold, 





Aue EEN DD TX. 


Spells the weird-like Sibyl muttered 
Through the twilight days of old, 

Rightly read, beneath the splendor 
Shining now on history’s page, 

All their faithful witness render— 
All portend a better age. 


Sisyphus, forever toiling, 

Was the type of toiling men, 
While the stone of power, recoiling, 

Crushed them back to earth again ; 
Stern Prometheus, bound and bleeding, 

Imaged man in mental chain, 
While the vultures, on him feeding, 

Were the passions’ vengeful reign ; 
Still a ray of mercy tarried 

On the cloud, a white-winged dove, 
For this mystic faith had married 


Vulcan to the Queen of Love! 


Rugged strength and radiant beauty— 
These were one in Nature’s plan; 

Humble toil and Heavenward duty— 
These will form the perfect man ;— 

Darkly was this doctrine taught us 
By the gods of heathendom, 

But the living light was brought us 


When the Gospel morn had come ; 


ol 


Or 
Lo 


APPENDIX. 


How the glorious change, expected, 

Could be wrought, was then made free; 
Of the earthly, when perfected, 

Rugged Iron forms the key! 


“Truth from out the earth shall flourish,” 
This the Word of God makes known— 
Thence are harvests men to nourish— 
There let Iron’s power be shown. 
Of the swords, from slaughter gory, 
Ploughshares forge to break the soil; 
Then will Mind attain its glory, 
Then will Labor reap the spoil,— 
Error cease the soul to wilder, 
Crime be checked by simple good, 
As the little coral builder 


Forces back the. furious flood. 


While our faith in good grows stronger, 
Means of greater good increase ; 
Iron, slave of War no longer, 
Leads the onward march of Peace; 
Still new modes of service finding, 
Ocean, earth, and air it moves, 
And the distant nations binding, 
Like the kindred tie it proves; 
With its Atlas-shoulder sharing 


Loads of human toil and care; 





Agr PfeN TD 1X. 


On its wing of lightning bearing 


Thought’s swift mission through the air. 


As the rivers, farthest flowing, 
In the highest hills have birth ; 
As the banyan, broadest growing, 
Oftenest bows its head to earth,— 
So the mightiest minds press onward, 
Channels free of good to trace; 
So the holiest hearts bend downward, 
Circling all the human race; 
Thus by Iron’s aid pursuing 
Through the earth their plans of love, 
Men our Father’s will are doing 


Here, as angels do above. 


“+ 








foe so AOCK SMITH 


AND 


es ee) LOM ON. 


A RABBINICAL LEGEND. 


AND it came to, pass when Solomon, the son of David, 
had finished the Temple of Jerusalem, that he called unto 
him the chief architects, the head artificers, and cunning men 
working in silver and gold, and in wood, and in ivory and 
stone,—yea, all who aided in working on the Temple of the 
Lord, and he said to them: 

Sit ye down at my table, for I have prepared a feast for 
all my chief workers and artificers. Stretch forth your hands, 
therefore, and eat and drink and be merry. Is not the 
laborer worthy of his hire? Is not the skillful artificer 
deserving of honor? Muzzle not the ox that treadeth out 
the corn. } 

And when Solomon and the chief workmen were seated, 
‘ind the fatness of the land and the oil thereof were upon 
the table, there came one who knocked loudly upon the door, 
and forced himself even into the festal chamber. Then Solo- 
mon the King was wroth, and said: What manner of man 
art thou ? 


(55) 


AP IPE TPT 


Or 
we) 


2 


And the man answered and = said: When men wish to 
honor me, they call me Son of the Forge, but when they 
desire to mock me, they call me Blacksmith; and seeing that 
the toil of working in fire covers me with sweat, the latter 
name, O! King, is not inapt, and in truth I desire no better. 

But, said Solomon: Why comest thou thus rudely and 
unbidden to the feast, where none save the chief workmen of 
the Temple are invited? 

And the man replied: Please ye, I came rudely because 
the servant obliged me to force my way; but I came not 
unbidden. Was it not proclaimed that the chief workmen of 
the Temple are invited to dine with the King of Israel ? 

Then he who carved the cherubim said: This fellow is 
no sculptor. 

And he who inlaid the roof with pure gold said: Neither 
is he a worker in fine metals. 

And he who raised the walls said: He is not a cutter of 
stone. 

And he who made the roof cried out: He is not cunning 
in cedar wood, neither knoweth he the mystery of uniting 
strange pieces of timber together. 

Then said Solomon: What hast thou to say, Son of the 
Forge, why I should not order thee to be plucked by the 
beard, scourged with a scourge, and stoned to death with 
stones ¢ 

When the Son of the Forge heard this, he was in no 
“sort dismayed, but advancing to the table, snatched up and 


swallowed a cup of wine, and said: 








APPENDIX. 57 


O! King, live forever! The chief men of the workers 
in wood and gold and stone have said that I am not of 
them, and they have said truly. I am their superior, Before 
they lived I was created. I am their master, and they are 
all my servants. And he turned him round and said to the 
chief of the carvers in stone: 

Who made the tools with which you carve ? 

And he said: THe BLACKSMITH. 

And he said to the chief of the workers in wood: 

Who made the tools with which you hewed the trees of 
Lebanon, and formed them into pillars and roof for the 
Temple ? 

And he said: THe BLACKSMITH. 

Then he said to the artificer in gold and ivory: 

Who makes your instruments by which you work beau- 
tiful things for my Lord, the King? 

And he said: THe BruacksmITH. 

Enough, enough, my good fellow, said Solomon; thou hast 
proved that I invited thee, and that thou art all men’s father 
in art. Go wash the sweat of the forge from thy face, and 
come and sit at my right hand. The chiefs of my workmen 
are but men. Thou art more. 

So it happened at the feast of Solomon, and Blacksmiths 


have been honored ever since. 


= 











mee BoACK SMITH. 


BY CHARLES G. LELAND. 





I DREAMED I stood by a roaring fire 
Near the Blacksmith grimy and grim, 
And watched the sparks rise higher and higher, 


As it lit up each brawny limb. 


Bang, bang, the hammer rang, 
And drove out many a spark, 
They seemed the Devil’s own fire-flies, 


As they darted through the dark. 


The Smith struck high, the Smith struck low, 
As over his work he bent, 
And if every blow had been on a foe, 


A battle had soon been spent. 


Clang, cling, the steel doth ring, 
In flaming crimson dressed, 
Of all the callings that I know, 

I love the Blacksmith’s best. 


(59 ) 


60 AP Py iD [exe 


King Siegfried of old was a Blacksmith bold, 
And well on the iron could pound; 
With his very first blow he drove, I’m told, 


The anvil into the ground. 


Round, round, into the ground, 
And beat his hammer flat. 
No man alive, but a Blacksmith stout, 


Could strike you a blow like that. 


And Siegfried became a monarch of might, 
So you may clearly see, 
If a man would rise in power and height, 


A Blacksmith he well may be. 


Smack, smack, with many a crack, 
As he hammers the spade and plough. 
For so did Tubal Cain of old, 


And he must do so now. 


THE END. 








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